Internal-combustion engine.



D. M. TUTTLE.

INTERNAL GOMBSTION ENGINE. .i

APPLICATION 111.1111 Nov 17.1911.;

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Widmann@ Y Patent-.811.11111 2, 1915.

D. M. TUTTLB.

. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov 17,1911.

1,127,322. Patented Feb. 2. 1915.

D. lvl-TU TTM;| INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 21101717.1911.

. 1,127,322 Patented Feb.2, 1915.

` D. M. TUTTLE.

INTERNAL, coMBUsTxoN ENGINE. APPLICATION NLED NOV 17.1911- I Patented Feb. 2, 1915 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

substantially e'qualto that of the combustion chamber, whilev thetdiameter of its outer end is substantially equal to that of the compression' chamber in which it is kadapted to move, and is adapted to coact with the headv of the compression chamber to receive and compress a larger charge or quantity of the explosive mixture than could be admitted and compressed inthe combustion chamber at the-smaller end of the piston. This coaction of the enlarged portion of the piston with the head of the compression chamber also provides ya higher degree of compression of the explosive mixf ture thanf'could possibly be vproduced if lthe mixture were admitted to the crank case and compressed therein by the down stroke of the piston. 'lhe inner endsy of the compression. chambers -3 and -3- are provided with intake ports ,-8- and -\-8- con'nnunicating with the interior of a valve case -9-., in which is movable coaxial rotary valves 10+ and -lO-, said valve ease being provided with afuel inlet -ll-,'

K chambers f2- and -2`- of the cylinders.

These ports *16e-'and --16- are opened and closed by means of puppet valves --l7i and -li-, which in this instance are located centrally in theheads of the combustion chaniibers and areautomatically closed by suitable springs--l8- when the pres` vsuies at opposite sides of the Valves -are substantially equal, such springs and the stems of the valves being `protected by shields or ,screw caps -l9e in the heads of the cyliuders. Iach of the cylinders is also provided with an exhaust port w20-, communicating with the outer end of the combuston chamber in proximity tothe limit of the outward movement of the inner end of f the corresponding pistons, and are con* trolled by such pistons. Each oi the valves k-'10--r and -10- is provided with a pair oi ydian'ietrically opposite recesses or cut# outs -fl and *2V-5 those of each pair beingl disposed at substantially right angles to those of the other pairV for alternately connecting the compression chambers of the cylinders with the fuel 4mixing chamber 124m and distributing chamber v--l-l" r`which yleadsto the combustion ,chambers of ,'for rsimultaneous rotation at substantial/ly sa'id cy'linders.` These valves are connected khalf the speed'of the crankshaft are timed so that when each piston reaches the tion between the mixing chamber and com-` pression chamber and Will also have closed communication between the compression chamber and distributing chamber.-ellfs4 as shown more clearly in Fig."2',"while` the other valve corresponding to the otherl piston which is at theV limit of its comf pression stroke willvbe different po-v sition at substantially right angles'to-theI flimit of its outward stroke, the correspond-yi f ing valve will have just closed communica iii-st named valve to' also 'close communica'- y tion between the compression chamber'of that cylinder andvttl'ie,` mixing chamber @l2- and the distributing chamber These valves are rotated in the "direction indicated by arrow and may-be driven -f by any suitable powertransmitting mech-"- anism connected to a rotary partof thefengine, as, `for example, the crank shaft --7- and 'for this purpose I have providedy said crank shaftv with a sprocket wheel -25- which is connected by a chain `26 to a somewhat larger, sprocket wheel -27-k `on the protruding end of a shaft 28,- carrying the valves --10-r and -10-, the ratio y of the sprocket wheels -25 and -2T-`- being in this instance one Vto two. rNow assuming that one ofthe pistons as -4- is in its extreme outward position as shown in Fig. 2y to open the corresponding exhaust port -20- and that the other piston is at the limit of its inwardvor compression stroke and that a chargev of the explosive mixture has been drawn intof'the compres#V sion chamber -3- through the intake port --8--, then, shortly after the piston -Llrbegins its inward stroke, the cor'i'esponding' valve 10 will have been rotated in the d i'- i'ection indicated by arrow -t-- suiiiciently to open communication between the intake poit -8* and distributing chamber -14 thereby connecting the compression. cham-f rie ber 3- with the combustion chaml'iery the piston isvin this extreme outward position with the exhaust port 20-e opened, the pressure on the inner yside 'of ythe valve *17- is less than that upon ythe outer side of the valve, thereby opening said valve to admit the explosive n'iixtiire; ,tothefcorreg spending combustion chamber so that,

'-2- through the passage ,-15-1 and yvalve port -16-, it being understood that when:

as the piston continues its inward stroke 7 even aiter closing the exhaust port the" explosive mixture in thecompression ,cham-k ber will be compressed and foreedfthrough the port -8- and open valve-1051` togthe distributing chamberflsP-y and ,thencel through' the passage-flfq'thereby ypro` dueing a gradually increasing pressure vupontheoutside of the 1v l Y y the pressure onxthefmner iside of thejvalve ve -flT-Lln excess ofk Abec'losed andthemixture Vinthe explosion excess pressure 'on' valve will; v'continue inward, stroke of period ot' chamber will be further 'compressed during vfthe-,remainderof the'finwarl. stroke'of the.

fit is' found than aus piston. 11n" practice, A y

` the outer sideo lthe outwardlysubstantially halflits ,full stroke l-gand owing to. the

'expansive' force ot'the""eX-ploded mixture 'in fthe combustion chamber #2-'and conse:

qucntincrease'd" `pressure on the inner side' -of 'its corresponding valve' e-l'f-,ptlns `m creasedfpressure 'vvillfccnti-nue ltofhiol'd the opening of: the corresponding exhaust port inder willbe f reducedto' atriio'sphexe', thereby allowing* the excess pressure in 'the passe age V-'-'15"`- tonfclpenv the,

. :thereby admit 'the 4explosive mixture, to 'the 'combustion chamber -"2.'-', ,itl heingl'under-'- stoodjthatduring the outward-movement vof vthe compression chamber -"3"-and mixing I chamber'-1l%, therebyfd'rawingin a fresh.

change ofthe mixture-*into the compression sion stroke to compress; the charge of..ex'-r '45' f which is then. ignitedf-'and'operate's toi drive the 'piston .outwardly.during.`

plosive mixture 'in' the combustion chamber- 5 .'which'the opposite piston' is inoved 'i'ipivrdly' 'and lit'sf'- corresponding. valve 'ff'lOf-v'v will; open "communication between' 'l lts compression chamber ,-+3' -1 'and'jcombusl tion l'chamber #2-f'. Asth'e piston continues1-its 'downward 5 movement itsfcor A- ber; the' same :valve servingE 'to cut oil' com-v munication -between said compressioncham-,z ber and combustlonrwclhamherofthelcorres@ passage during ynearly half the-"- "the piste-n by .which time" 'j the otl1er'piston'-4""- will have been moved bythe 'explosionotthe mixture-inthe comf- Ibastion"chan'iber the timel of.

fof' thef same piston.` A t this. tim'e'the'lirstnamed piston ssl--avvill have"v reached the limit-of'its' upward or compres- +154," thereby admitting aie explosive .miXtur'e to the combustion chamber '-Q- ready.' for compression upon 'thef'up4 'stroke of the vcorresponding piston.'

Another i important' feature of vmy invention consists'fin providing the lhead end of each cylindervvith a 4.deflector.295- lo-r catedat. one side'. ofibut in proximity to the the path of the' inlovving mixture for the purpose'of d electmgsuch mixturev laterally 'corresponding ports -16-' and flt in or transversely vof thefcombustion chamber A 'immediatelylupon its entrance thereto.' Arfurther importantfeature of my 1nven-` tiono'nsists in locating the. ignition term1--" nalsV of the'spark circuit inthe'path` of the inliowingmixtureyand for this'.` purpose inthe head ofthe cylinder in such manner '--'QQ'Qisothat at leasta 'portion of the'mixf ture mustpass across" the sparkterminals,

'for opening and jclosing' adjacent 'ports' -354- and -'3 5"-1in the' heads of said cyl- .'have shown a spark plug' 30- 'as screwed between said j ports and their' deflectors v ac'- thereby assuring greater certainty in thefir- In "some instances, however,V I-'may prefer to i use rotary valves insteady of vpuppet valves mixture' to thecombustion chambers -and in Figs. vSand 9'1 vlfiavesliovvn a rotaryshaftlor spindle- .'-32- as journa'led centrally iii vvthe headsof cylinders and -33-'-. the piston" -4"vj",' 'the corresponding valve j .'-l0-" will open communication; betweenv which communicate 4with. aA "distributing chamber .-37-'' forming a part of acharnber -14'- vi/hich' leads-to the valve ports -This valve shaft #32emay be driven fromv B9- toga similar sprocket'Wheels-40m' on v the shaft T28-so as ftofrotate at the same lSpeed as the last named' shaft.. 'The valves'- .therethrough.arranged at substantially right angles to each other so that when' the ports corresponding. toene-valve are opened, those "-f' corresponding to the otherwyalve will he.

closed vice versa. v y In -FigsllO and 111 have shown a double Vcylinderinternal y co'inhusli-ion engine somewhat 'similar to that shown inFigs. land 2 exceptV that .rotary valves are. employed for pressione amber and mixing chamber.' and.

also betvven' .the distributing chamber and :combustionchamberandzthat these rotary controllincommunic'ation between the'com and -3lshown in Fig. 8, said valve casvalves and distributinggehamber are ar-r in substantially lthe/saine manner as shown v.inaFigs l tol-inclusive. The opposite or. up er ends-ot' the distributing chamber come mini, with suitable ports -l2 of a l, if a n n ...va'lve case -43 in whichismovable rotary valves 44- similar to the valves -34- ing 4S- being provided with additional ports -45 comn'iunicating with the combustion chambers of their respective cylinders. In'this instance the spark plugs S0-f are secured in the headsV of tlieicylinders'with tlieirterminals projecting into their respective ports -45- in the paths of the infiowingr miitures so as to assure greater yreliability inigniting the mixture at Athe proper time, the valve-43- being driven.insubstantially the same manner as shown in Fig. 8. By making the casting 41'- separate from the main body of the.l

engine, I am, enabled to cast the parts more perfectly or with less liability of imperfections and atv the saine time this arrangement permits Athe use ofxthefspark plugdirectly inthe port leading to the combustion chamber in the path of the inllowing mixture so -Y as to reduce the liabilityof missfire. (,)thertion is similar to that shown'in Figs. 1 to 7v -andjnlet ports.A

Wise aside from the necessit for makin r a. y y Y n tie joint between the casting `4=1-l and adjacent side ol the Icinghie, the construcinclusive a'nd the operations of both devices are similar in effect. f

` 1. In a two-cycle internal combustion/engine, a pair of cylinders each having a conibustion chamber and a compression chamber` of larger diameter than thecombustion chamber, veach combustion chamber having an in elmort in oiic'end and an exhaust port` 1n its opposite'end, intake ports for the compressio ambers, a lsingle bypass connectingftheintake ports-'to the inlet ports of bothv cylinders, co5' Xial rotary valves controlling comniunicatun,between thei-ntake ports and :bypass and locatedat-one and the same side I,of the cylinders, and additional valves controlling commuiiicatul `between the bypass' ,2. In a tivo-cycle in combustion fen- {ginea pair of cylinders Eeach having a combustion4 chambe anda compression chainber ofy larger diameter than the combustion veous fluid from a source of bypass and .located at one and the saine side n i of ithecylindlers, additional valves controlling communication between the bypass and inlet ports, and deflector plates projecting inwardly from the headiends ofthecylindei'-s partially' acrosstheir respective combustion ture throughy the inlet ports. i,

3.l In a ytwo-cycle internal combustion engine, a' pairfof cylinders each hav-ing a coinbustioneliamber and a compression chamber of larger diameter than thev combustion chamber, the combustion chamber havingan inlet port in one end andan exhaust port in itsopposite end, intake ports for the com- V f pression chambers, a. single bypass connecting theintake ports'to the inlet ports'ot' both cylinders, co-aXia-l rotary valves controlling the communication between the intake ports andbypass.findlocated at one and the saine iside'of the cylinders, additional valves controlling corryimunicatioii between `the bypass andv inlet ports, and spark plugs having their terininalsidisposed in tliepath of theinllowng' mixture-through the inlctports. o

`4, An internal combustion engine com-` prising t1/plurality of cylinders each having a ron-ibustion chamber and a eo-axialbut larger. compression chamber, each-combus-v tion chamber rhaving an inlet port and van exhaust port, while each compression chamber is 4i'irovided with an intake port, pistons -inovalile in the .combustion chambers and yu'ovidcd with compression heads ii'iovable in chambers in the path vof the inflowing mixi the compression chambers,a single distribi uting` chaiiiliicr comici-ting the intake ports to the inlet ports, co-acting rotary valves con- ;tifolliiig lthe supply'ot' l'i'ieltlirough the inf WhatI claim is:

'to A'form a combustion chamber and apump-` ing chamber,,means 'for conducting a gassupply lto the pumping chamber and from rthe pumping chamber to the combustion chamber, a valve operableto open*coii'imunication between the source ol? -lluid supply and the pumping chamber during aiportivon ol'-y the movement of the; pistfxn andto open ,communication be-y tween the 'pumping and combustion ,.eliami hers `during "another portion,'ofthe" rio ment f aieipiaon; and-'a second valve operf able to open communication between the pumping and combustion chambers during a portion ot' the movement of the piston.

6.111 a multiple cylinder two-cycle engine, a charge distributing chamber comnion to all of the cylinders, a piston working in each cylinder', a rotary valve common to all of the cylinders and cooperating with the several pistons to effect a pumping of charges from a source of supply into said chamber, rotary means for controlling the admission of charges to the combustion ends of the cylinders from said chamber, and means for driving said valves.

7. In a multiple cylinder two-cycle engine, a charge distributing chamber common to all of the cylinders, pistons working in the cylinders and having parts cooperating therewith to formY pumping chambers, a rotary valve for controlling the admission ot gas to the pumping chambers from a source ot' supply during a movement of the respective pistons in one direction and the inlet of gas to the distributing chamber during a movement o'l' the pistons in the oppositedireotion, a rotary valve for Controlling the admission of charges to the combustion ends of the cylinders from the distributing chamber, and means for driving saidwvalves.

8. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine having its-cylinders provided with. pumping and combustion chambers, a charge distributing chamber common to all of said chambers, a rotary valve Jjor control- ,ievgsss ling the admission of charges to the pumping chambers from a source of supply and :from the pumping chambers to the distributing chamber, a rotary valve for controlling the distribution of charges to the combustion Chambers from said distributing chamber, and means for driving said valves in unison.

9.1m an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a compound piston working Within the cylinder'and lcooperating therewith to form a combustion chamber1 and a pumping chamber, means for conducting a gaseous iuid from a source of supply to the pumping chamber and from the pumping chamber to the combustion chamber, a rotary valve operable to open communication betiveen the'source of fluid supply and the pumping chamber during a portion of the movement'of the engine and to open coinmunieation between the pumping and combustion chambers during another portion ot" the movement of the engine, and a second rotary valve operable to open communication between thepumping and combustion chambers during,f aA portion ofthe movement ot' the piston. Y

In Witness whereof I Vhave hereunto set my hand on this 11th day ot' November, 1911.

DANIEL' M. TUTTLE. y

lWitnesses ECF. SPEARING, E. A. Tnoiurson. 

